Health News – Page 2

Relief from Pot: Is Smoking Marijuana Beneficial for People with Sickle Cell Disease?

July 19, 2024 by Barbara Lash

The quest for effective management of chronic pain in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) has seen little progress, despite the emergence of new drugs aiming to mitigate the frequency of the disease’s crises. Current treatments fall short of addressing the chronic pain that 54% of individuals with SCD endure for more than half of their lives (Smith et al., 2008). With most patients managing their pain at home, the severity of their suffering is often underestimated by healthcare providers, leading to a treatment gap. Against this backdrop, cannabis—also known as marijuana, pot, or Mary Jane—emerges as an innovative approach that is utilized by some of the individuals grappling with Sickle Cell Disease to alleviate the severity of their painful episodes. Crucially, over 33% of adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) admit to using cannabis-based products (Curtis et al., 2020). However, the pressing question remains: Is it safe?

Marijuana contains a wealth of cannabinoids, including tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), which show remarkable potential in pain management, particularly for those grappling with Sickle Cell Disease. THC, the main psychoactive element in marijuana, stimulates the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter linked to pleasure, in the brain (Bloomfield et al., 2016; Bossong et al., 2009; Oleson and Cheer, 2012). This process leads to a euphoric state commonly referred to as feeling ‘high,’ thereby affecting mood and the sense of reward (Cafasso, 2022; Abrams et al., 2020; Healthline blog). Moreover, both THC and CBD interact with the CB-1 and CB-2 receptors in the immune and central nervous systems. These interactions are crucial in moderating pain and inflammation, particularly in SCD, where they represent the primary symptoms.

Smoking is the most preferred form of cannabis administration (Curtis et al., 2020). However, for individuals with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) who may already be facing respiratory challenges, including Acute Chest Syndrome, this practice could further aggravate their condition. This calls for the urgent need for further research to determine if alternative methods of administration, such as cannabis extracts, might be more effective and safer in managing pain for those with Sickle Cell Disease.

Despite the potential benefits that cannabis has shown in managing SCD, a research team from the University of Michigan Medical School and the VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System found that over 50% of individuals who use medical marijuana products for pain relief experience clusters of multiple withdrawal symptoms during periods between uses. The study further revealed that marijuana contributes to deteriorating changes in sleep, mood, mental state, energy, and appetite. Of utmost concern is that the withdrawal symptoms do not directly stem from the individuals’ underlying conditions but rather from the brain and the body’s response to the absence of active ingredients in the cannabis introduced into the body.

Cannabis withdrawal syndrome manifests when individuals experience symptoms such as heightened anxiety, disrupted sleep patterns, diminished appetite, restlessness, a sense of depression, and increased aggression. If these symptoms are severe, they can potentially metamorphize into Cannabis Use Disorder. This arises when individuals attempting to reduce or quit cannabis face intensified symptoms, making it difficult to break free from the cycle. Ultimately, this heightened severity can lead individuals to misinterpret the symptoms and associate them with their medical conditions. Consequently, it sets off a challenging cycle of increased cannabis use that is hard to break.

According to ProCon.org, as of June 2022, 37 states along with the District of Columbia have legalized the use of marijuana for qualifying medical conditions, marking a steady increase in the accessibility of medical marijuana across the United States. However, it’s important to highlight that among these, only nine states acknowledge sickle cell disease (SCD) as a condition eligible for medical marijuana treatment. Despite this growing acceptance, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has yet to approve any cannabis products specifically for the treatment of pain related to SCD. The FDA has approved cannabinoids, such as Epidiolex (which contains CBD), exclusively for treating two rare forms of epilepsy (Cafasso, 2022, Healthline blog). As a result, individuals with SCD seeking pain relief may face potential risks when resorting to marijuana products sourced from unofficial channels. The situation is further complicated by the fact that adults with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) often turn to cannabis due to receiving insufficient opioid dosages from their medical caregivers. Additionally, they face increased stigmatization when seeking higher doses of these analgesics, coupled with a lack of alternative options for pain relief (Sinha et al., 2019; Argueta et al., 2020).

The management of pain associated with Sickle Cell Disease presents a significant challenge within the medical community, with cannabis emerging as a prospective yet intricate solution. Although numerous studies have indicated favorable outcomes, the presence of contradictory results alongside the absence of formal approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) accentuates the imperative for further extensive research into the effectiveness and safety of cannabis for pain relief in SCD. Furthermore, the necessity to achieve a delicate balance between efficacious pain management, enhancement of mood, and the mitigation of potential adverse effects underscores the critical importance of individualized medical decisions. This is particularly pertinent given the stigmatization and difficulties encountered by adults with SCD in the hands of their healthcare providers.

Extinguishing the Habit: Resources for Sickle Cell Disease Individuals to Help Quit Smoking.

July 19, 2024 by Barbara Lash

Navigating the daunting complexities of living with Sickle Cell Disease is a formidable challenge. The task becomes even more daunting for those aiming to overcome their tobacco dependence. However, there is hope, as a plethora of resources are available to assist individuals on their journey to cessation. These resources focus on offering personalized support and tools that are easily accessible. Crucially, they aim not only to aid in quitting but also to empower SCD individuals to lead healthier lives, liberated from the grip of tobacco.

Fewer than one in ten adult cigarette smokers succeed in quitting annually, underscoring the substantial difficulty associated with cessation efforts. To bring this into perspective, around 30% to 50% of smokers in the US make attempts to quit annually. However, success rates are so minimal, with only 7.5% achieving the feat (Pierce, 2022). These figures may even be as low as 4 to 7% (American Cancer Society). The high prevalence of smoking is similarly reflected in populations with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), where 36% of these individuals actively smoke. For them, the challenge of quitting smoking is particularly daunting, as many use smoking as a coping mechanism for pain (Cohen et al., 2010; Britto et al., 1998).

Taking the initiative to quit smoking is a significant step, particularly for individuals grappling with sickle cell disease. Seeking essential guidance from healthcare professionals and their primary care physicians ensures that they receive personalized advice and interventions that are specifically tailored to address the unique impact that smoking has on them.

According to Barnett et al. (2008), smoking cessation services incur a cost of $6,204 per successful quit, whereas the combined expenses for cessation services and mental health care reach $11,496 per successful quit. These figures underscore the significant financial burden placed on individuals embarking on a journey to quit smoking. According to Barnett et al. (2008), the cost of smoking cessation services stands at $6,204 per successful quit, and when combined with mental health care, the total expense rises to $11,496 per successful quit. These figures reveal the significant financial commitment required from individuals on the path to quitting smoking. Individuals with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) frequently grapple with high healthcare costs, which, when combined with their potentially precarious financial situations, make the additional expense of smoking cessation programs a significant obstacle. The problem is further compounded by the fact that many of them are impoverished and unemployed (Pires et al., 2022; Sanger et al., 2016; Idowu et al., 2018), and lack adequate health insurance, making it more difficult for them to access and afford cessation services and mental health care.

It is important to highlight that there has been no independent study conducted to determine the precise cost associated with smoking in sickle cell populations. To address the potential financial challenges many SCD patients face, there is a need to broaden the support framework by collaborating with government programs at the national and state levels to unlock subsidies or coverage options so that smoking cessation services are more financially feasible.

Close collaboration with key healthcare providers is essential not only for obtaining medical guidance but also for exploring flexible payment options, discounts, or direct financial assistance programs. Such a collaborative approach ensures that financial barriers do not impede access to the necessary support for quitting smoking, thereby facilitating a smoother pathway to cessation for those in need.

In Kent County, individuals with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) seeking to quit tobacco and nicotine have access to valuable resources provided by Spectrum Health (now Corewell Health). This healthcare organization offers three distinct programs tailored to different stages of smoking cessation, ensuring personalized support for those aiming to quit. Crucially, all these programs are available at no cost to patients or the community, thereby making them accessible to individuals with SCD.

The first program, Let’s Talk Tobacco is specifically designed for those in the initial stages of exploring their relationship with tobacco or nicotine. Led by Certified Tobacco Treatment Specialists (TTS), participants engage in four weekly group sessions. The focus is on providing the latest information about tobacco, cessation resources, and medications without pressuring individuals to quit. This program serves as a crucial initial step for individuals with SCD contemplating a change in their tobacco use. For individuals with SCD who are motivated and ready to quit smoking, vaping, or chewing tobacco, the Let’s Quit Tobacco program offers expert guidance, approved medications, and social support. The program begins with an individual meeting with a Certified Tobacco Treatment Specialist, followed by five group sessions. This structured approach allows participants with SCD to create and follow a personalized quit plan, gaining enhanced skills, motivation, and confidence to quit tobacco successfully. To provide ongoing support for those with SCD who have successfully quit or are in the process of quitting, Spectrum Health offers Let’s Stay Quit This monthly support group, led by a Certified Tobacco Treatment Specialist, serves as a platform for individuals with SCD to connect with and receive support from others who share similar goals. The group sessions focus on offering tips for coping with cravings, stress management, and strategies to avoid relapse.

Collectively, these programs create a comprehensive and supportive environment specifically tailored for individuals with SCD in Kent County who aim to quit smoking. By addressing various stages of readiness and providing ongoing support through group sessions and support groups, Corewell Health plays a crucial role in facilitating the journey towards a tobacco-free life in the local community. However, the costs of these programs are unknown, and the information must be made accessible. For further information or to get started, individuals with SCD in Kent County can contact Spectrum Health at 616.486.0385 or via email at lifestylemedicine@spectrumhealth.org.

Valuable support and guidance through various online resources can also benefir SCD individuals on their journey to quit. Forums such as the Sickle Cell Disease Association of America (SCDAA) (www.sicklecelldisease.org) alongside platforms like QuitNet and the HealthUnlocked Sickle Cell Society, have become invaluable spaces for individuals with SCD to connect with peers grappling with smoking and who want to quit. These dedicated websites offer not only a sense of belonging but also a virtual space to exchange experiences and advice about quiting.

Mobile apps designed to help individuals to quit smoking like QuitNow!, Smoke-Free, MyQuit Coach, Quit Tracker, Craving to Quit, and Kwit can be downloaded for free on the phone. These applications provide a range of features and tools designed to aid in goal setting, progress tracking, and the creation of personalized quit plans. QuitNow! nurtures a supportive community atmosphere, while Smoke-Free emphasizes craving tracking and daily mission setting. MyQuit Coach offers customized plans tailored to individual habits, and Quit Tracker focuses on monitoring the time since the last cigarette alongside the financial savings achieved. Craving to Quit integrates mindfulness techniques into its approach, and Kwit turns the quitting process into a game, complete with achievements and health tracking, to motivate users. Collectively, these applications provide a multifaceted approach, that addresses cravings, integrates mindfulness, and documents the journey. While these apps are freely downloadable on various mobile phone platforms, their monthly subscriptions or other related costs are not known.

Quitlines are another direct, and easily accessible support resource that individuals with Sickle Cell Disease seeking to quit smoking can utilize. These services, including the National Quitline (1-800-QUIT-NOW) and the Michigan Tobacco Quitline (1-800-QUIT-NOW or 1-800-784-8669 for Michigan residents), serve as crucial lifelines for those wading through the quitting journey. By connecting individuals with trained professionals who understand the challenges of managing SCD while striving to quit smoking, these toll-free hotlines operate with strict confidentiality. Besides that, they offer personalized assistance, recommend resources, and a supportive environment that lays the ground for effective quit plans. Beyond guidance, these services may also include free telephone coaching and, for eligible uninsured callers, the possibility of free nicotine patches.

Alongside nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)—which encompasses prescription options such as nasal sprays or inhalers, as well as over-the-counter alternatives like nicotine patches, gum, and lozenges—non-nicotine medications, including bupropion (Wellbutrin SR, Wellbutrin XL) and varenicline, can aid in the quitting process. However, these medications must be recommended by healthcare providers, making it crucial to engage with medical professionals. This allows for the tailoring of the approach to individual needs, ensuring the adoption of more effective and personalized strategies for quitting.

To complement traditional resources for quitting smoking, other effective yet often overlooked nontraditional strategies need to be taken into consideration. Integrating relaxation techniques into the cessation journey like those recommended by the Mayo Clinic is one such strategy. Managing stress, a significant trigger for tobacco cravings, demands more than conventional means. Therefore, these individuals need to be encouraged to seamlessly incorporate relaxation practices into their daily routines through deep breathing, muscle relaxation exercises, yoga, visualization, massage, or immersing in calming music. These practices not only enhance stress management but also bolster the ability to navigate the challenges of quitting smoking.

In summary, the journey toward empowering individuals with sickle cell disease to quit smoking calls for a multifaceted approach that includes various resources and strategies. Seeking guidance from healthcare professionals, leveraging freely available resources from the government, and advocating for policy changes form a collaborative framework for addressing the unique challenges that SCD patients face. Online resources such as tailored mobile apps, local healthcare programs, and Quitlines, form an integral part of the toolkit for SCD individuals who want to quit smoking. Additionally, incorporating mental programs like relaxation techniques further enhances the effectiveness of smoking cessation efforts. By embracing these diverse resources and strategies, individuals with SCD can embark on a transformative journey toward improved health and well-being.

Making Pregnancy Safer for Black Women

March 5, 2024 by GRAAHI Editorial

Dr. Natalie Hernandez-Green, Executive Director of the Morehouse School of Medicine Center for Maternal Health Equity, speaks with CNN about what’s being done to prevent more Black mothers from dying during or after pregnancy.

Dr. Natalie Hernandez-Green
Executive Director, MSM Center for Maternal Health Equity

By Martha Shade, CNN

ATLANTA — Kira Johnson was so excited to be a mother that she began planning her first son’s birthday party while still pregnant. The carnival-themed party she threw was epic: cake, cupcakes, and a movie poster she had printed up for the occasion.

Kira didn’t get to celebrate any birthday parties with her second son, Langston. She died hours after giving birth to him, suffering massive internal bleeding while her husband, Charles Johnson, pleaded for doctors to do something.

It’s a case so troubling it’s now taught as a cautionary tale in medical schools. And she’s just one of many.

Black women are three times more likely to die due to pregnancy than white women.

Poverty, lack of healthcare access, and obesity all play a part in the grim statistic, but that’s not the whole story; even rich, healthy, well-educated Black women face elevated risks giving birth.

Kira Johnson was a successful businesswoman, an athlete in good health, and she walked into the hospital with a supportive husband by her side.

Her life ended in the hospital, her husband says, after their pleas for help were ignored by doctors for almost 10 hours. And her husband walked out of the hospital a widow, with a newborn son in his arms.

As we celebrate Black History Month, here’s what’s being done to prevent more Black mothers from dying.

How Hospitals Can Help

Natalie Hernandez-Green, Executive Director of the Center for Maternal Health Equity at Morehouse School of Medicine, says she hears the same birthing stories over and over: Women who felt they were disrespected, whose concerns were dismissed and had birthing experiences that felt transactional and not relational.

“You want to be heard when you’re giving life. This should be the most amazing day of your life,” says Hernandez-Green.

The Center for Maternal Health Equity has partnered with local Atlanta hospitals to gather data about “Maternal Near-Misses” and see where the problems are.

Key to everything is listening to the patient, Hernandez-Green tells CNN.

“We want to respect that Black women’s voices are legitimate sources of data,” she says.

Beyond Morehouse School of Medicine’s commitment to training more Black doctors, one of the center’s approaches is to educate Patient Navigators to assist Black women, especially those who live in “maternal care deserts,” or areas without a lot of – or any — healthcare providers.

The Patient Navigators act as a bridge to doctors and other medical professionals.

They can connect women to providers – and Morehouse School of Medicine even vets those providers to make sure they provide good care to Black women.

The Patient Navigators then work alongside the pregnant woman from her first pre-natal visits to one year postpartum.

“The majority of pregnancy-related deaths happen in the postpartum period,” explains Hernandez-Green.

“More than 80% of these deaths are preventable. I always see opportunities. It’s not all gloom and doom, because there’s hope.”

Patient Navigators, Doulas, and Midwives

Heather Dobbs is a recent graduate of the MSM Patient Navigator program.

She had her own traumatic birth experience. Shortly after a scheduled c-section for her second child, she began to feel terrible. The anesthesiologist told her everything was fine, and she just needed fluids. Dobbs recovered briefly, then she says she began feeling “really awful” again. She said to herself: “I can’t die on this table without holding my daughter. Then I blacked out.”

When she woke up her husband, Michael, was by her side, crying. She had a port in her neck, where she had received an emergency transfusion. Doctors had performed a hysterectomy to save her life.

She was grateful to be alive but “later on, it sinks in that I was planning a larger family and now that’s not gonna happen.”

The experience made her want to help other women.

She thought about getting her nursing certification and becoming a midwife, but in the rural Georgia areas where she saw so much need, she would have had to work under an OB/GYN. And most of those areas didn’t even have doctors, so she decided to work both as a Patient Navigator and doula.

Although the roles can overlap, in general, a Patient Navigator helps patients find good care and advocates for them, while a doula actually helps a woman give birth. Many alumni of the Morehouse School of Medicine program, like Dobbs, choose to do both jobs. A midwife, in contrast, is usually a certified nurse.

As both a Patient Navigator and a doula, Dobbs follows women throughout their first year after childbirth, helping them handle the physical and mental health issues that can arise after childbirth.

April Witzel says she spent years as a labor and delivery nurse before becoming a midwife.

She has also catered to some of the most under-served parts of the state. She regularly sees women show up at the hospital right as they are about to give birth, without having had any pre-natal care, usually because they didn’t have insurance.

“I grew up poor. I’ve always thought everyone should be treated the same,” she says, explaining that her own life experience now informs much of what she does.

Witzel says she also wants to help address systemic issues that often keep Black women from accessing good care.

“When I got into healthcare, me being a Caucasian female working in a primarily African American community, I’d walk in and I’d see the look on their faces, and know they thought: ‘I don’t want her to look after me.’”

But after her patients got to know her and realized she was taking their concerns seriously, things changed.

“At the end of the day, women want to be heard, they want to trust their provider in the most vulnerable time of their lives.”

Many doctors are supportive of the additional help provided by midwives and doulas – as long as medical help is nearby when needed.

“I think there’s a place for birthing centers, midwives, doulas,” says Dr. Jocelyn Slaughter, an obstetrician and gynecologist.

“I love a good doula. I love a good midwife. Birthing centers are getting more safe; it’s good for patients that are low-risk,” says Dr. Slaughter.

CNN Anchor Abby Phillip recently opened up about why she opted for the combination of doula and a midwife when she gave birth during the pandemic. As she explained in a CNN editorial, she is a “a huge believer in modern medicine and someone who takes no unnecessary risks with my health” but she says she joined the growing group of Black women looking for more options.

Many women in the US often work all the way up until they give birth, usually in order to save up vacation days for after their child is born.

But Dr. Slaughter says that practice can be especially dangerous for Black women.

“I always say: ‘You know you’re not about to go on vacation, right?’”

“What if I told you in two weeks, you’re going to run a marathon, you’re going to give two pints of blood, and after the marathon we’re gonna wake you up every two hours?”

“Don’t you need a break before you go through this cardiac stress?” asks Dr. Slaughter.

Dr. Slaughter says she encourages her patients to take maternity leave by 37 weeks, to reduce their chances of developing conditions like pre-eclampsia, a condition that can be life-threatening.

“They’re working till the end, stressed out, feet swollen… so now they’re getting pre-eclampsia. I feel like my patients have a little lower rate of pre-eclampsia because I encourage them to start maternity leave by 37 weeks.”

While Dr. Slaughter is realistic that not everyone can afford to take that time off, she says when it’s possible, it can provide better outcomes for the mother and the baby.

Systemic Racism

Dr. Slaughter says people don’t like to talk about one of the main reasons Black women often receive inadequate care during and after pregnancy.

Slaughter says the lasting legacy of slavery and racism in the United States continues to affect Black women in all settings, including in health care.

“Because of that history, there are so many racial biases and so many socio-economic problems that women have had to fight through,” she says.

Dr. Slaughter says she believes Black women should be treated as more fragile than other women during pregnancy (and for the first year after they give birth).

“My piano teacher always told me being pregnant is like having one foot in the grave and one foot on a banana peel,” referring to all the potential perils of pregnancy.

“Black women in general have been looked at as these strong women… That’s all doctors; it’s not just white doctors. Black women are not stronger than others. They’re not.”

Dr. Slaughter says because of that misconception, doctors may miss cardiac issues happening in Black women.

The bottom line for Dr. Slaughter: “Black women need to be overly protected during pregnancy.”

How Doctors Can Help: Run That Extra Test

Dr. Slaughter also recommends medical providers remember that Black women’s bodies don’t always follow the rules in medicine “because the rules were not based upon their bodies.”

Many of the criteria for different medical diagnoses were based upon white men or white women.

“Blood pressure cut-offs, anemia levels, were not established with Black women in mind,” she says.

“I am not suggesting we get new criteria, but I do urge doctors to listen to Black pregnant women and err on the side of extreme caution when discharging or dismissing symptoms or complaints. Sometimes they know their bodies better than our medical school books.”

Kira’s Legacy

After his wife passed away, Charles Johnson pledged her death would not be in vain.

He has testified before Congress twice, helping to pass the Preventing Maternal Deaths Act in 2018 and then advocating for the Black Maternal Health Momnibus Act of 2021.

He still prints up a movie poster for each of his son’s birthdays. It’s a small nod to Kira, the family tradition she started, and the birthday parties she would have loved to have been planning for them.

Langston Johnson turned 7 last April. His dad threw him a big party with a Super Mario-themed birthday cake.

READ the article https://www.msm.edu/RSSFeedArticles/2024/February/Black-Maternal-Safety.php

Exercise Regimes and Benefits for African Americans with Sickle Cell Disease

October 26, 2023 by Barbara Lash

“Unleashing the Power of Exercise in the Fight Against Sickle Cell Disease”
The rhythm of African drums pulsating inthe background, the vibrant energy of a Zumba class in full swing, the serene focus of a yoga session, or the simple joy of a brisk walk in the park – exercise, in its many forms, is a celebration of life and vitality.
For African Americans, particularly those living with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), this celebration takes on a profound significance.

SCD, a genetic blood disorder predominantly affecting individuals of African descent, presents unique challenges
that require tailored approaches to exercise and physical activity. This article delves into the world of exercise regimes suitable for mild, moderate, and severe stages of SCD, explores the physical and mental benefits of these activities, and highlights the cultural preferences and body types of African Americans to suggest exercises that resonate with this vibrant community. So, let’s embark on this journey of wellness, strength, and resilience, and discover how exercise can be a powerful ally in managing SCD.

Unlocking the Power of Mental Exercise: A Guide for African Americans with Sickle Cell Disease

October 26, 2023 by GRAAHI Editorial

Living with sickle cell disease can present unique challenges for African Americans. The physical symptoms and complications associated with the condition can take a toll on both the body and mind. While physical exercise is often emphasized for managing the disease, the power of mental exercise should not be overlooked. In this article, we will explore the importance of mental exercise for African Americans with sickle cell disease and how it can empower individuals to lead healthier and more fulfilling lives.

Benefits of mental exercise for African Americans with sickle cell disease

Mental exercise offers numerous benefits for individuals living with sickle cell disease. Firstly, it helps to alleviate stress and anxiety, which are common among sickle cell patients. By engaging in activities that require focus and concentration, individuals can experience a sense of calm and relaxation. Secondly, mental exercise can improve memory and

The importance of mental exercise for sickle cell patients

Sickle cell disease not only affects the physical well-being of individuals, but it can also impact their mental health. The constant pain, fatigue, and limitations can lead to feelings of frustration, anxiety, and depression. This is where mental exercise plays a crucial role. Engaging in activities that stimulate the mind, such as puzzles, reading, or learning new skills, can help divert attention from the physical discomfort and provide a sense of accomplishment and fulfillment. Mental exercise can improve cognitive function, boost mood, and enhance overall well-being for African Americans with sickle cell. Regular engagement in mentally stimulating activities can help sharpen the mind and promote mental agility. Lastly, mental exercise promotes a positive mindset and enhances overall well-being. It provides a sense of purpose and accomplishment, boosting self-esteem and confidence.

Types of mental exercises

There are various types of mental exercises that can be beneficial for African Americans with sickle cell. One popular option is solving puzzles, such as crosswords, Sudoku, or word searches. These activities challenge the brain and improve problem-solving skills. Another option is reading. Whether it’s books, magazines, or online articles, reading stimulates the mind. Learning new skills, such as playing a musical instrument, painting, or cooking, is also an excellent way to engage the mind and nurture creativity. Lastly, meditation and mindfulness exercises can help promote a sense of calm and well-being.

Incorporating mental exercise into daily routine

Incorporating mental exercise into the daily routine is crucial for sickle cell management. It is essential to set aside dedicated time for mental stimulation. This can be done by scheduling specific activities – at least one a day. Variety is key! Be adventurous in trying new things.

Effective mental exercises Tips:

Start with manageable activities: Begin with activities that are enjoyable and not too challenging. This will help build confidence and motivation.
Vary the activities: Engage in a variety of mental exercises to keep the mind stimulated and prevent boredom. Mix puzzles,
reading, and learning new skills for a well-rounded mental exercise routine.
Take breaks when needed: It is important to listen to the body and take breaks when necessary. Pushing through fatigue or pain can hinder the effectiveness of mental exercise..
Stay consistent: Consistency is key for reaping the benefits of mental exercise. Set realistic goals and commit to regular practice.

Empowering African Americans with sickle cell disease through mental exercise Mental exercise is a powerful tool for African Americans living with sickle cell disease. By engaging in activities that stimulate the mind, individuals can experience numerous benefits, including reduced stress, improved cognitive function, and enhanced overall well-being. It is crucial for sickle cell patients to incorporate mental exercise into their daily routines and seek support services that focus on mental health. By unlocking the power of mental exercise, African Americans with sickle cell can empower themselves to lead healthier, more fulfilling lives.

Resources and Support for mental exercise for African Americans with sickle cell disease Fortunately, there are various mental health resources available for sickle cell patients to address their unique needs. Mental health professionals, such as psychologists and psychiatrists, provide therapy, counseling, and psychiatric evaluations to help with emotional distress, depression, anxiety, and other mental health conditions. Engaging in support groups tailored specifically for sickle cell patients can be immensely beneficial as they create a sense of community and understanding among individuals facing similar challenges. The internet has greatly expanded access to mental health resources and support, including virtual chats and forums. Many hospitals and medical centers now recognize the importance of mental health support for sickle cell patients and have integrated mental health services into their care plans.

Remember, it is crucial to prioritize mental health support alongside the physical aspect of sickle cell disease to ensure holistic and effective sickle cell care/management!

October is Breast Cancer Awareness Month: The Importance of Breast Screening for Women of Color

October 17, 2023 by Barbara Lash

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, and it can affect anyone at any age. However, women of color are at an increased risk of developing breast cancer and dying from the disease.

Statistics on Breast Cancer Rates Among Women of Color

Black women have a 40% higher death rate from breast cancer than white women, even though their incidence rate is slightly lower.
Hispanic women are more likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer at a later stage than white women.
Asian women have the lowest incidence rate of breast cancer but are more likely to be diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer, which is a more aggressive form of the disease.

Why is Early Detection of Breast Cancer Important?

Early detection of breast cancer is essential for improving survival rates. When breast cancer is found early, it is more treatable and has a better prognosis.

How Does Breast Screening Work?

Breast screening is a series of tests that are used to detect breast cancer early. The most common breast screening tests are mammograms and clinical breast exams.

Mammograms are low-dose X-rays of the breast that can show changes in the breast tissue that may be cancer.
Clinical breast exams are physical exams of the breasts that are performed by a healthcare provider.

Breast Screening for Women of Color

Women of color should talk to their healthcare provider about their individual risk of breast cancer and develop a breast screening plan that is right for them. Some experts recommend that black women start getting mammograms at age 40, instead of the standard age of 50.

Breast Screening Event in Grand Rapids, Michigan

On October 25th, 2023, from 9am to 3pm, there will be a breast screening event at Pilgrim Rest MBC in Grand Rapids, Michigan. The event will feature the mobile mammogram unit from Trinity Health Michigan.

To schedule an appointment for a mammogram at the event, go to https://www.trinityhealthmichigan.org/classes-and-events/mobile-mammography-unit or call 855-559-7179 (Request Mobile Unit > Grand Rapids > Preferred Date & Time)

Pathways Program Update: College Tours & Hands-On Experiences Foster Curiosity in Healthcare Careers

October 30, 2023April 25, 2023 by GRAAHI Editorial

By Mikisha Plesco, Director of Education

This past 2022-2023 school year, the Grand Rapids African American Health Institute (GRAAHI) Pathways program has partnered with the Grand Rapids Public Schools (GRPS), University Preparatory Academy and Ottawa High School and colleges and universities to provide students who are interested in a healthcare track the opportunity to complete a college tour focusing on college/university health programs. The hands-on experience that students were able to garner from the college tour created a lifelong impact.

In October 2022, Grand Rapids Community College kicked off the college visits by having students walk through a series of lab simulations that include the following fields: medical assisting, nursing, and occupational therapy. Students were able to use healthcare equipment such as syringes, lab dummy patients, stethoscopes, and various therapy equipment. What was important about the GRCC visits were the personal journeys that were told by the health professionals regarding their healthcare journey.

In January 2023, Davenport University hosted a college visit that focused on health activities: nursing and research query. Students had a chance to interact with equipment as well as a data set and reviewed data mining tools. Students’ various activities for the data set reviewed the rudimentary data sets as well as complex data such as music playlists. The information provided was relatable to students and engaging. Davenport University provided a unique opportunity for the student nurse association to present as well as have a presentation on their admission process.

In March 2023, Ferris State University hosted a college visit that focused on nursing and dentistry. Students were able to walk through the history of dentistry, put teeth in a mold based on the anatomy of teeth, walked through a live dentist clinic, and interact in the nurse lab simulation space. The students had a chance to talk with a student and their experience of Ferris as well as hear about their various health programs.

The unique experience that each college/university sparked student comments of wanting to continue the learning opportunities, wanting to see more on the campus, and enjoying presentations by students. The real opportunity that the colleges and universities are providing to each student is the opportunity to be excited about attending and being a part of a community that supports them in a healthcare track as well as getting students comfortable with being on campus. Having a sense of familiarity on campus and seeing the culture of the campus in the healthcare programs helps students to reimagine themselves on campus and ignites a sense of belonging prior to attending college. GRAAHI is truly grateful to GRPS school administrators, participating colleges and universities, and students and families that have participated in these healthcare college tours. The tours are truly making a difference in the joint communities we serve. GRAAHI looks forward to next year as we continue the healthcare college tours with a Fall 2023 kickoff with Grand Valley State University.

To learn more about Pathways, go to graahi.com/education.

The Wisdom of a Healthy Heart

March 2, 2023 by Ashlie Jones

By: Ashlie Jones, Health Initiatives & Community Engagement Manager

In less than two months into 2023, African Americans have had several history making events. Actress Viola Davis joins the ranks as the newest recipient of an EGOT status;Lebron James solidified himself as the NBA’s All-Time Leading Scorer highest scorer; and songstress Beyonce Knowles-Carter with an all-time record for most GRAMMY wins. It is easy to say that we are off to a great start and each of them have secured their space in Black History.

In addition to Black History Month, February is also known as American Heart Month, focusing on cardiovascular health and raising awareness about heart disease. This month is earmarked by events such as “National Wear Red Day” which brings greater attention to heart disease as a leading cause of death for Americans, especially African Americans.

According to the U.S Department of Health and Human Services Office of Minority Health, In 2019, African Americans were 24 percent less likely to die from heart disease than non-Hispanic whites. Although African American adults are 20 percent more likely to have high blood pressure, they are less likely than non-Hispanic whites to have their blood pressure under control. African American women are nearly 60 percent more likely to have high blood pressure, as compared to non-Hispanic white women. Those statistics were already troubling before the onset of a global pandemic. So, one can imagine just how much more important education and awareness would be today.

On January 24, 2023, when Damar Hamlin, the 24-year-old football player for the Buffalo Bills had a heart attack after a tackle, millions watched and prayed as medical workers performed CPR and used an automated external defibrillator to restore his heartbeat. Fortunately, he appears to be recovering well. This prompted many communities to pay more attention to heart disease.

Knowing and understanding the importance of such education, the Grand Rapids African American Health Institute (GRAAHI) had the pleasure of partnering with First AME Church and their Abundant Living Ministry to present on the topic of Heart Disease to an audience ranging from 60 to over 90 years of age. With an intimate but engaged group of senior citizens, the conversation organically evolved beginning with an “out of the box” ice breaker. “ What is your superpower and how can it be used to heal a heart?” Very quickly voices began to ring out from all over the room with various responses like “my laughter”, “my empathy”, and one gentleman jokingly mentioning his “completion of my wife’s honey-do list”. The facilitator used these moments as ways to teach how laughter helps to decrease stress, completing household activities increases heart rate and keeps the body moving. All directly impacting the heart and its vulnerability to heart disease.

Research shows that several health conditions, including your lifestyle, age, and family history can increase your risk for heart disease. According to the Center for Disease Control, about half of all Americans (47%) have at least 1 of 3 key risk factors for heart disease: high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and smoking. The challenge is that some of these risk factors, such as your age and genetics, can not be controlled. But intentional steps can be taken to lower your risk of heart disease by changing the factors you can control.

One of those major risk factors is STRESS!!! Did you know that African-American women are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of race-related stress? Furthermore, stress can cause arteries to narrow, make it harder to lose weight and raise blood pressure. These criteria immediately put one at risk for heart attack, even at a young age.

As the conversation continued, the wisdom of the cornerstones of our community began to flow liberally. They shared ways the younger generations could take action to reduce stress. They spoke of breathing techniques, exercise, journaling, talking and laughing with friends, getting outdoors. One participant very firmly expressed “ Learn to slow down and learn to just say NO! You can’t do everything all the time. Pace yourself, you’ll live longer” Now if that is not wisdom, I don’t know what would qualify.

Participants of the Abundant Living group excitedly shared their wisdom and triumphs in making intentional changes to their diets, exercise routines, stress management, activities and self-care practices. All of which can dramatically reduce risks for heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure and other diseases that severely impact the African American community. The joy and excitement in the room was palpable as the group witnessed exercise demonstrations and received low impact exercise equipment.

At the conclusion of the session one participant stated “I almost stayed home today because it was cold, but I’m glad I came. My heart would have never been this warm at home alone!” I believe it is safe to say that this event was good for every heart in the room. Some ways to reduce risk of heart disease include, healthy eating, exercising and staying active; managing stress; and keeping your blood pressure and cholesterol under control and if you have any signs of illness, get checked out immediately.

For more information about GRAAHI, go to www.graahi.org.

Research shows health care disparities still prevalent for Black residents

February 21, 2023 by Vanessa Greene

By Vanessa Greene for the Grand Rapids Business Journal – Published February 17, 2023

It’s no secret that historically, health care outcomes for Black people and other non-white Americans have been an area of concern.

These numbers, from longstanding systemic inequities in the health care system, social determinants such as a lack of accessible health care facilities in some communities, to outright discrimination, can leave Black residents less likely to trust doctors and seek proper care. This last point was most evident during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, when more Black residents were dying in part due to this distrust of the medical establishment.

At the Grand Rapids African American Health Institute, we recently undertook a much more local approach to this issue and have analyzed state data to showcase the severity of the disparities right here in our backyard of Kent County.

County-level disparities

Led by our research coordinator Andrae Ivy, MPH, we dove into state health care data from 2014 through 2020, examining 17 key health trends — from diabetes and obesity, to cancer, infant mortality and teenage births — and how they impacted Black, white and Hispanic residents in Kent County.

What quickly emerged was a troubling pattern. Among the biggest Kent County trends were:

15.1% of Black residents have diabetes vs. 10% of white residents
Obesity rates were 41.6% for Black residents, compared to 28.5% for white residents and 30.1% for Hispanic residents.
Heart disease mortality rates continue to climb for Black residents, reaching a new high of 541.3 per 100,000 residents. Stroke mortality also grew significantly from 2017 to 2020.
10.2% of Black residents could not see a doctor due to health care costs vs. 8.8% for white residents.
Asthma rate for Black residents was 19% vs. 14.1% for white residents.
Both the prostate cancer rate (135 per 100,000 men) and lung cancer rate (75.9 per 100,000 residents) for Black residents were significantly higher than rates for white residents.
Infant mortality rate was 13.8 per 1,000 births for Black residents, nearly triple the 4.8 per 1,000 births rate for white residents.
Teenage birth rates were much higher for Black residents (32.3 per 1,000 females ages 15-19) and Hispanic residents (27.3), compared to the 7.7 rate for white residents.
Medical debt due to out-of-pocket costs is another major obstacle. According to a 2022 survey of Michigan residents by Epic-MRA and the advocacy group Consumers for Quality Care, among Black voters that have had their household finances seriously affected by medical debt, 80% say they’ve had medical bills go into collections.

Also, 65% of Black voters expressed concern that health care costs will be negatively impacted by long-term effects of COVID-19 in Michigan, compared to 58% of the state’s population overall. And 69% of Black Michiganders are concerned about expected impending loss of health care coverage expanded during the pandemic through the Affordable Care Act, compared to 51% of the state’s population overall.

Addressing inequities

While there is not one easy answer that will close these gaps in health care for Kent County’s Black residents, one thing is clear. Without major improvements to the systems surrounding access to health care in communities of color, these disparities in West Michigan and beyond will continue to persist.

Between changes at insurance companies to improve affordability of health care, increased state and federal support, and significant local community efforts, policymakers must prioritize implementing policies that improve health outcomes in the Black community.

Compared with whites, members of racial and ethnic minorities are less likely to receive preventive health services and often receive lower-quality care. They also have worse health outcomes for most conditions. To combat these disparities, legislators and health care professionals must explicitly acknowledge that race is a factor in health care.

Although the majority of individuals have at least one full-time worker in the family across racial and ethnic groups, people of color are more likely to live in low-income families that do not have coverage offered by an employer and have difficulty affording private coverage. According to a recent study by the Kaiser Family Foundation, the ongoing gaps in coverage for people of color could further widen the coverage gaps they already face and, in turn, exacerbate broader disparities in health and health care. With this in mind, efforts to increase insurance coverage and make health care affordable are crucial.

My organization works every day to educate the public on their health care rights and how to navigate the system, while also teaching preventive health care measures, as we work to help change these statistics. But officials at the city, state and federal levels, as well as health care systems and insurance companies, must recognize the serious inequities this research has exposed and work to address them. Improving disparities requires a collective effort across many systems and organizations.

Some examples include working to address key social determinants that can lead to poor health, offering more accessible and affordable health care options in communities of color that lack them, diversifying the health care workforce, proactively connecting patients with supportive social services and eliminating inequities in the quality of care. Additionally, it is important to monitor and document efforts toward reducing health disparities to determine what’s working.

If we’re ever going to deliver a realistic chance at equal access to quality health care for all residents of Kent County, we must work together vigorously as if our own lives depend upon it.

To read the article on GRBJ, click here>>.

To learn more about GRAAHI and the Health Equity Index, visit https://hei.graahi.org/.

GRAAHI blood drive brings awareness to the need for diversity in blood donations.

February 16, 2023January 5, 2023 by Barbara Lash

This January, National Blood Donor Month, GRAAHI follows in the footsteps of two heroes for life, Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., and Dr. Charles Richard Drew, by joining with Versiti to hold a Blood Drive at Brown Hutcherson Ministries.

In the 1940s, Dr. Charles Drew laid the groundwork for today’s modern blood donation program through his innovative work in blood banking. The Red Cross blood bank program began in 1940, under the leadership of Drew who became the organization’s first medical director in 1941.

“He was a surgeon, educator, scientist and the first African-American blood specialist who helped shape the blood services industry. His legacy is far-reaching and we hope this drive helps educate the community about the need for a diverse blood supply,” said Vanessa Greene, CEO of the Grand Rapids African American Health Institute.

Why is an ethnically diverse blood supply important?

Because blood type is inherited, a compatible donor is often someone of a similar ethnic background. Diversity in donation is important for improved patient outcomes, as rare and uncommon blood types are often found in similar ethnic populations.

For example, sickle cell patients may require chronic blood transfusions to treat their disease, Since 44% of African Americans have Ro blood, providing matched Ro blood to sickle cell patients may provide a safer blood transfusion. Patients are less likely to experience complications from blood donated by someone with a similar ethnicity.

Become a Hero for Life and feel the good benefits of supporting your community. Join us January 21st from 9:30am to 1:30pm at Brown Hutcherson Ministries, 618 Jefferson Ave SE, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503. GRAAHI seeks to create a welcoming and safe environment with a team focused on supporting your needs as you donate.

Every pint can save 3 lives!To sign up to donate, and learn more about Dr. Drew, go to graahi.com/giveblood.